Evolution of the Chronic Venous Leg Ulcer Microenvironment and Its Impact on Medical Devices and Wound Care Therapies.

Studies have reported that the constituents of the wound microenvironment are likely to have critical roles in the degradation and fate of the polymeric matrix and the compounds dissolved in the wound dressing matrix. Thus, chronic wound assessment and the design of effective medical devices and drug products for wound care partly rely on an in-depth understanding of the wound microenvironment. The main aim of this review is to identify and discuss the different stages of chronic wound progression, focusing on the changes in the biochemical composition of the wound microenvironment, with particular attention given to venous leg ulcers (VLUs), as they are one of the most prevalent chronic wound aetiologies. The pathophysiology of venous ulcers is detailed, followed by a thorough review of what is known about the VLU microenvironment and its changes as a function of the evolution of the VLU. Simulating conditions for VLU are then discussed with the view of highlighting potentially relevant simulating media as a function of VLU evolution for a better assessment of biological safety, in particular medical devices intended to be in contact with these wounds.

Identification of the Major Degradation Pathways of Selumetinib.

Selumetinib is administered orally in capsule form and is indicated for the treatment of neurofibromatosis. To facilitate dosage adjustments, liquid preparations, such as solutions or suspensions, are to be developed. This led, first, to determine the stability profile of soluble or dispersed selumetinib and, secondly, to look for ways to stabilize the active substance. The degradation kinetics of selumetinib as a function of stress conditions were determined and compared. The degradation products were detected and identified by LC-HRMSn. In solution, selumetinib is sensitive to oxidation and degrades by photooxidation. In both cases, the side chain represented by the oxoamide group is concerned, leading to the formation of an amide derivative for the first case and an ester derivative for the second. The identification of such degradation mechanisms allowed us to study, in a targeted way, processes aiming at stabilizing the active molecule.

Relatos de pais sobre a inclusão e a trajetória escolar de filhos com deficiência intelectual / Parents reports about school inclusion and trajectory of children with intellectual disabilities / Relatos de los padres sobre la inclusión y la trayectoria de hijos con discapacidad intelectual

O envolvimento dos pais na trajetória acadêmica dos filhos pode favorecer maior desempenho social e acadêmico deles, especialmente, filhos com deficiência intelectual (DI). Uma forma de propiciar esse envolvimento pode ser com base em informações levantadas pelos pais em relação às trajetórias dos seus filhos. O objetivo foi caracterizar o processo de inclusão no percurso escolar de crianças com deficiência intelectual, a partir da percepção dos pais sobre a trajetória escolar dos seus filhos. Foi realizada uma entrevista semiestruturada com três pais de crianças com DI matriculados na escola regular, de modo a contemplar a trajetória escolar dos alunos com DI. A análise do discurso dos pais identificou a necessidade de um profissional para acompanhar a criança com DI, durante a realização das atividades acadêmicas na sala de aula, e o estabelecimento de uma parceria colaborativa entre a díade escola especial e regular. São propostas discussões sobre as práticas inclusivas identificadas, com base nos relatos dos pais

The involvement of parents in the academic life of their children can foster greater social and academic performance of their children, especially those with intellectual disabilities (ID). One way to facilitate this involvement may be from information gathered by the parents regarding the trajectories of their children. The objective was to characterize the inclusion process in the schooling of children with intellectual disabilities, from the perception of parents about the school life of their children. A semi-structured interview with three parents of children enrolled ID was held at regular school, in order to include the school trajectory of students with ID. The parents of discourse analysis identified the need for a professional to accompany the child with DI while conducting academic activities in the classroom, which allows us to reaffirm the importance of a specialist and the establishment of a collaborative interaction between special needs and regular school. They are proposed discussions on identified inclusive practices, based on parental reports

La participación de los padres en la vida escolar de sus hijos puede fomentar un mayor rendimiento social y académico de ellos, especialmente los niños con discapacidad intelectual (DI). Una forma de facilitar esta participación puede ser a partir de informaciones recogida por los padres con respecto a las trayectorias de sus hijos. El objetivo fue caracterizar el proceso de inclusión en la escolarización de los niños con discapacidad intelectual, a partir de la percepción de los padres sobre la vida escolar de sus hijos. Una entrevista semiestructurada con tres padres de niños con DI matriculados en la escuela regular, a fin de discutir la trayectoria escolar de los alumnos con DI. El análisis del discurso de los padres identificó la necesidad de un profesional para acompañar al niño con DI durante la realización de actividades académicas en el aula y el establecimiento de una colaboración entre la escuela especial y regular. Son propuestas discusiones sobre prácticas inclusivas identificadas, basadas en relatos de los padres

Optimizing costs of intraoperative magnetic resonance imaging. A series of 29 glioma cases.

PURPOSE: The goal of this study was to develop a method to reduce the costs of intraoperative high-field magnet resonance imaging (iMRI). The results of a series of 29 gliomas removed with this technique are presented. METHODS: A series of 29 patients with brain gliomas were operated on using a low-cost method of high-field intraoperative MRI (Signa 1.5 T. MR Excite, GE Inc.). The patients were transported during surgery to the neuroradiological department through a specially located lift in order to perform the intraoperative examinations ("outside iMRI"). The time required for the procedure as well as the possible related complications, such as infection, were analyzed. RESULTS: After studying the intraoperative images, additional tumor resection was needed in 12 of the 29 patients. The median time required to perform the iMRI was 25 min. There was no infection or other complications related to the procedure in this series. CONCLUSIONS: This method offers all clinical advantages of high-field iMRI inside of the operating room, with very low costs and additional advantage of integrating the neurosurgical/ neuroradiological teams. This strategy will give an alternative to several neurosurgical departments in the world to perform high-quality iMRI at very low cost.